A Hypoechoic thyroid nodule refers to a fluid –filled cyst that occurs in the thyroid gland. It is usually non-cancerous but can cause problems within the thyroid gland, making it either overactive or under-active. The type of treatment for this type of cyst depends on how it affects the thyroid gland. Most thyroid nodules don’t cause symptoms and are not serious. Only a very small percentage of thyroid nodules are cancerous.
Symptoms
In most cases, thyroid nodules are not accompanied by any symptoms or signs. However, some of them become big enough such that they can be felt, seen as a swelling at the base of the neck; or press on the esophagus or windpipe, causing difficulty swallowing or shortness of breath. In addition, a thyroid nodule can produce additional thyroxine, causing symptoms such as unexplained weight loss, tremor, irregular or rapid heartbeat, intolerance to heat, and nervousness.In most cases, cancerous thyroid glands are slow growing and are most likely to be small when discovered. Aggressive thyroid cancers are quite rare and are accompanied by large, fixed, firm, and rapid growing nodules.
Causes
There are several conditions that can cause nodules to grow in the thyroid gland. Lack of iodine in the diet can sometimes is one of the causes. Overgrowth of normal thyroid tissue can also lead to thyroid nodules. The reason why this happens is not clear. This type of growth is sometimes referred to as thyroid adenoma and is non-cancerous. Overgrowth of normal thyroid tissue can also cause hyperthyroidism. Thyroid cysts can also cause nodules to grow in the thyroid gland. These are fluid-filled cavities that result from degenerating thyroid adenomas. A thyroid disorder known as Hashimoto’s disease can cause thyroid inflammation, leading to nodular enlargement. This usually leads to hypothyroidism. Any enlargement of the thyroid gland is described as’’ goiter’ and it also the growth of nodules in the thyroid gland. This condition can be caused by a thyroid disorder or iodine deficiency. A multinodular goiter is made up of distinct nodules within the goiter. However, its cause remains unknown. Thyroid cancer also causes nodules to grow in the thyroid gland.
Treatment options
Where the thyroid nodules are not cancerous, treatment options include thyroid hormone suppression therapy using a medication known as levothyroxine, a synthetic form of thyroxine taken as a pill. Your doctor may also suggest simply watching your condition. This involves physical examinations as well as thyroid function tests at regular intervals. The doctor may carry out a biopsy if the nodule grows larger. If a non-cancerous thyroid nodule remains unchanged, you may not require any treatment. Large thyroid nodules usually require surgery, especially those that interfere with swallowing or breathing. Large multinodular goiters also require surgery. Nodules that cause hyperthyroidism are treated using radioactive iodine or anti-thyroid medications, such as methimazole. These medicines help reduce signs of hyperthyroidism. Treatment is usually long term. If your thyroid nodules using other options is not suitable for you, then you are may have your thyroid gland removed surgically. For cancerous thyroid nodules, the only treatment option available is surgery. The surgery involves the removal of almost all of the thyroid tissue together with the cancerous nodules.
In most cases, a hypoechoic thyroid nodule does not cause any health problems. However, it is important to consult your doctor if you notice any unusual swelling in your neck. This is particularly so if experience problems with breathing or swallowing. In addition, if you experience symptoms of hyperthyroidism, make sure that you seek medical care.